Lumbar osteochondrosis is a degenerative and dystrophic disease of the lumbar spine.As the disease develops, the intervertebral discs suffer the most, and the damage extends to joint surfaces, ligaments and vertebrae.
The proportion of osteochondrosis of the spinal column is 80% of the peripheral nervous system.In 60-80% of cases, this is lumbar osteochondrosis.At least 7 of the 10 people have regular lower back pain throughout their lives.It takes 3-16 days for the duration of the aggravation.But the disease can be treated and treated to maintain high quality and muscle bone health.We will tell you why this disease develops, how it manifests itself in itself, and how the lumbar spine osteochondrosis should be.
What is osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a chronic spine accompanied by a change in structural change (destruction) and a decrease in the volume of intervertebral discs (dystrophy).They start to break into the spinal cord and squeeze the blood vessels.In addition, the disease is characterized by the destruction of curved joints between the spinous processes of the vertebrae.
In the case of osteochondrosis, the osteophytes are also formed.This is the name of pathological growth, which are the result of bone marginal growth.He is facilitated by violation of calcium metabolism in the vertebrae and the heavy loads that cause deformation.
Attention!Lumbar osteochondrosis is characterized by any pathological process that usually lies in osteochondrosis.But they only affect the lumbar spine that contains 5 vertebrae.
Causes of development and risk factors
To understand the causes of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region, you need to know the structure of the spine.It is a column consisting of the vertebrae that are connected to each other and are connected to the vertebrae and the ligaments.The holes in it form a hollow channel.Inside is the spinal cord whose roots come between the pair of each vertebrae.
When a man bends, the spine bends.At the shoot site, the plates between the vertebrae are compressed and their seeds are moved.This reduces the pressure of the spinal column during the loads.Thus, the intervertebral disc is a biological shock absorber.When it ceases to perform the shock, osteochondrosis develops.
The following factors that tend to develop pathology:
- Sitting or too hard work.In a sitting position, the corset muscles are relaxed, which increases the load on the spine.The heavy lifting leads to this.
- Hypodynamia.In people with a sedentary lifestyle, muscle lining has not been developed strongly enough to keep the spine in the right position.
- Unnecessary body weight.The overweight on the spinal column presses and overloads.
- Endocrine diseases.Hormones affect metabolism, including within the genus.Hormonal imbalance can lead to violation of calcium metabolism.
- Inadequate nutrition.Insufficient intake of vitamins, minerals and protein interferes with the nutrition of the spine and leads to changes in tissues.
- The pathology of the muscle bone system.Osteochondrosis can occur in the background of flat legs, injuries and spinal curve.
- Genetic predisposition.The risk of developing osteochondrosis increases when it has close relatives.
- Changes related to age.Decrease in age, elasticity and spine mobility.
Men are more common in lumbar spine osteochondrosis.The reason for this is the fact that their work is often associated with heavy physical work.Men also undergo heavy exercise during training in the gym.
Symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis
Pain is the main sign of the disease.Its character, localization and distribution direction are determined by a receptor clamped into the spine.In general, patients complain of pain, which increases the body's position, a long change in the pose and sudden movements.Lumbar osteochondrosis often gives your feet, sacrum or groin.In a horizontal position, the pain disappears.
Other possible symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- Feeling of bending and tension from extension.This is caused by the displacement of the spinal cord.
- A feeling of weakness of the legs.Perhaps the extinction of tendons in them.The reason for this is the compression of the nerve fibers, which lead signs from the brain to the lower limbs.
- The curvature of the lumbar spinal column to the side (skoliosis) or forward (lordosis), smoothing natural bends (kyphosis).
- Involuntary urination and emptying (if the spinal cord is fixed).For the same reason, erection is deteriorating in men.
- Lower back cooling.The buttocks can also be cold.This is done with lumbosacral osteochondrosis, which has symptoms and treatment similar to the pathology, only localized at the lower back.
- Violation of sensitivity in the area of damage.They can last from a few minutes to several hours.Sensitivity may increase, decrease or disappear.Paresthesia may develop - feelings of tingling and climbing gooseboats.
Lumbar spine osteochondrosis, symptoms and treatment in which this article is analyzed as a misleading disease.Begins with discomfort and mild pain.But they are ignored because they rest quickly.Over the years, the pathology progresses and its signs have improved.And only if the pain becomes unbearable, patients seek medical help.
The degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbar
The formation of lumbar osteochondrosis contains 4 stages:
- The first stage is characterized by a displacement of the core of the intervertebral disk.It is accompanied by a weak dull lower back pain, increasing during movement.Short tingling of the back and bottom is possible.
- In the second stage, the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disk is destroyed, leading to the formation of the vertebrae.They squeeze nerve endings, causing severe pain while walking.It can spread to the buttocks, thighs and lower legs.If you lean back, the pain is lower than the burn, sometimes a cold feeling.
- In the third stage, the fibrous rings are completely destroyed.Powes (Hernias) appears - the intervertebral discs in the spinal cord are protruding.The vertebrae of the lumbar class is deformed.The pain is constantly felt, but weaker at rest.
- In the final stage, osteophytes are formed and the spine cartilage is destroyed.The pain then disappears and then exacerbated with renewed momentum.Exercises will be limited.
Early diagnosis of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region, whose symptoms and treatment are closely linked.The less the pathology occurs, the more effective it is treated.Therefore, the doctor should visit when any incomprehensible back pain and the lower back appear.
Potential complications
If there is no treatment for lumbar osteochondrosis at 1 and 2 degrees, the intervertebral hernia is formed.This indicates that the transition of the disease into the late stages and endangers the development of complications, for example:
- Inflammation of the nerve;
- Joint (destruction) of the intervertebral joints;
- destruction of the fibrous ring of the intervertebral discs;
- narrowing of the intervertebral channel;
- spinal dysfunction as a result of compression;
- horse tail syndrome;
- Schmorl hernia;
- The lame and stiffness of movements.
Properly selected treatment promotes the formation of hernia for lumbar osteochondrosis and other complications.It is prescribed after diagnostic examination of the patient.Otherwise, the disease will continue, which may lead to disability.
Diagnostic methods
In case of lower back pain, contact a neurologist.He listens to complaints, examines and felt his back, asking for existing illnesses.In addition, the doctor may prescribe:
- X -Ray.The image of the spinal column X -heels helps assess the condition of intervertebral discs and spinal cord.In the absence of visible changes, degree lumbar osteochondrosis is diagnosed.
- Computer tomography (CT).Assign if an X -tray has shown a change in the lumbar spine.It allows you to evaluate the degree of damage to discs, nerve endings and spinal cord.
- Magnetic resonance tomography (MRI).This is an alternative to CT, which can be prescribed in the presence of an X -Ray test contraindications.Suitable for pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Occasionally, the calculated and magnetic resonance tomography is performed with intravenous administration of the contrast.This is the name of a material that highlights the tissues from within.This gives you the maximum quality spine images.Contrast CT and MRI are performed to exclude tumors associated with symptoms that are not typical of lumbar osteochondrosis and, in this case, postpone treatment to the final diagnosis.
To treat lumbar osteochondrosis and its types
The doctor prescribes treatment, taking into account the phase of pathology.It is designed to eliminate the pain, stop the inflammatory process, restore metabolism and blood circulation in the lesion area.With the osteochondrosis of the lumbar class, treatment also includes the acceptance of the lower back, legs and buttocks.
Most treatment methods are conservative.These include medication, physiotherapy procedures and physiotherapy exercises, folk medicines.When it comes to 3 degrees, the treatment of lumbosacral spine by conservative methods does not always lead to the desired result.In this case, the patient's condition can facilitate surgery.
Medication
Medication is effective in stages of pathology 1 and 2.However, it is important to note that the selection of drugs is determined by the symptoms caused by lumbar osteochondrosis and the treatment prescribed by strictly prescribed drugs.Not only can he come to the pharmacy and not request the medicine of osteochondrosis.Even if it is sold to you, treatment will not be effective.
The patient may present the following groups of drugs:
- Painkillers.They help get rid of the intense, crashed pain of lumbar osteochondrosis.They can be used locally (ointments, gels), installed (tablets), or intramuscularly administered using a syringe (solution).
- Non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs.Threesome effects: reduce temperature, relieve pain, and reduce inflammation.They are prescribed if the lower back hurts in the case of lumbar osteochondrosis.The gels are used locally to relieve pain, to combat inflammation, to take tablets or injections.
- Musorelaxants.This is the name of the drugs that relieve painful muscle cramps.These are administered orally in the form of tablets or intramuscularly in the form of a solution.
- Chondroprotectors.Provide effective treatment with lumbar osteochondrosis with medicines at an early stage, provided your entire orbit is handed over.This group of drugs stops and regenerates them to destroy the intervertebral discs.
In order to restore intraosseous metabolism, the patient is also prescribed by vitamins and vitamin-mineral complexes.The doctor may also recommend that you meet the diet.Its purpose is not only to decrease body weight, but also to enrich the body with protein, natural vitamins and minerals.
Physiotherapy
Treatment with drugs with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is not enough.It must also contain physiotherapy methods.They relieve pain, relax the muscles and restore local metabolism.Often patients are prescribed the following procedures:
- laser therapy (exposure to the spine);
- Magnetic resonance therapy (exposure to magnetic field);
- Darsonvalization (exposure to high -frequency pulse currents);
- Phonophoresis (administration of medical solutions into deep layers of the skin with ultrasound).
Manual therapy also has great efficiency.The rear massage is prescribed with lumbar osteochondrosis after the pain has been faded.It relaxes the muscles, accelerates blood circulation and therefore nutrition of tissues.It is useful to combine the massage with a bath or sauna.However, heating procedures are only allowed during the remission of the disease.
Medical physical education
Lumbar osteochondrosis gymnastics includes exercises to strengthen muscle lining.They increase spine mobility and increase blood circulation in tissues.This stops degenerative processes and improves the patient's condition.
The basic complex of exercise therapy includes 5 exercises:
- Twisting.Confirm the muscles of the abdomen.Lie on your back, bend your knees and cross your arm behind your head.Then breathe in and exhale the torso as if touching the pub.The lower back should remain on the floor.
- Practice "cat".It relaxes the back muscles and unloads the spine.Stand on the karachka (on the knees, relax with your palms on the floor).Raise your head and bend your back as the cat does when you see danger.Then lower your head and bend your back as your cat wakes up.
- The turns are lying.It strengthens the oblique muscles of the abdomen and hips.Lie on your back, cross your arms behind your head, bend your knees and press each other.Without disconnecting your leg, turn right first, tap the floor, return to their original position and put the same on the left.The torso must remain still.
- Buried bridge.It strengthens the muscles of the buttocks, prevents the curvature of the spine and smoothes it from bending.Lie on the floor, put your arms along the body, bend your legs in your knees.In this situation, raise the pool and the price for 5 seconds.
- Exercise to stretch the lower and legs.Sit on the floor, stretch your legs in front of you, share your shoulders around the width.Lean first toward one leg, pull with your hand beside the toe, feel how the muscles stretch.Stick for 20-30 seconds.Now do the same on the second leg.
You should start with a minimal number of exercises, gradually the maximum (3 approaches 10-20 times).These must be done every day.It takes up to 10-15 minutes, but helps prevent the fall of osteochondrosis.
Attention!The gymnastics is contraindicated in acute lower back pain.
Conventional medicine
At home, lumbar osteochondrosis can be treated with folk remedies.They are not a substitute for drug therapy, but they become a good addition.The table below gives you many most effective recipes for traditional medicine against lumbar pain.
Boil the water in a pan to make it strong steam.Keep some burdock leaves for 10 minutes.| Tools | Action | Cooking | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adam root tincture | Heating, analgesic. | Grate 200 g root on a fine file, place a dish and pour 0.5 liters of vodka.Put in a dark place and stick for 5 days. | Rub the tincture in the lower back, place on a woolen belt on top, or tie a warm scarf. |
| Compress the tassel leaves. | Anesthetic. | Boil the water in a pan to make it strong steam.Keep some burdock leaves for 10 minutes. | Apply the leaves to the site of pain localization.Cover with plastic packaging and roll yourself.Keep 1-2 hours. |
| Pine bath | Heating, relaxing, analgesic. | Pour a hot bath, put more spruce or pine grains in the water.Add 10 drops of essential oil to any conifer tree (cedar, pine, larch, juniper). | Hold a bath for 10-15 minutes.Then wipe dry and roll yourself. |
| Herb brew | Vitamin, anti -inflammatory, normalizes metabolism. | Place 10 g lingonberry leaves, hops cone, thimeal and swordfish in the pan.Pour 500 ml of water, place it on the stove and boil.Turn off the fire.Cover with a lid and let it cook for 1 hour.Voltage. | Take 1/4 in the art. After eating three times a day.The course of treatment is 1 month.The maximum duration is 6 months. |
| Lidocaine ointment | Anesthetic. | Read and cool 200 g of Smalz, add 75 g of beeswax, 30 g of the Alteum root to the dust condition.Pour 1 lidocaine ampoula into the mixture, mix everything until smooth. | Rub the sore spots if necessary.Store up to 6-7 weeks. |
Attention!The possibility of using non -traditional medicine recipes depends on the symptoms of -oseochondrosis, and home treatment should be strictly checked by a physician.
Surgery treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis
Surgical intervention is a radical method.Therefore, only by developing complications or when conservative methods did not provide the necessary results.By then, the disease would reach 3 or 4 stages of development.
In the case of lumbosacral osteochondrosis, treatment with the operational method usually means removing disocolate of a dead intervertebral disk.Less frequently, it removes an entire vertebra and squeezes the nerve fibers.Instead of discs and vertebrae, artificial prostheses or fragments obtained from the patient's paddle are inserted into the spine.They are immobilized to prevent spinal displacement and disease progression.To do this, the spinal column is reinforced with metal plates and screws.
The surgery is performed with a 3-5 cm long incision during local anesthesia.To access the spine, the tissues are pushed by a special tool.From the introduction of anesthesia from the sewing of the wound from 1.5 to 2 hours.
Attention!Modern technologies allow you to perform operations with an endoscope - with a long and flexible tool, through a pruning of about 1 cm long.
Preventing lumbar osteochondrosis
Preventive measures should be taken to maintain the health of the muscle bone system.They reduce the risk of osteochondrosis.And if the abnormal spine changes have already begun, they will help prevent them from developing them.
Preventive tips:
- If you have a sitting job, put a roller or a special orthopedic pillow on the lower back.
- Dress the weather and do not allow the back and lower back hypothermia.
- Do gymnastics, run or other light sports.
- Finding a disgust or lower back pain, seek your doctor immediately.
- Fold back bad habits and eat properly.
- Sit in the back of hard chairs.UP furniture does not support the body of the body, so the spine must perform a full load.
- The perfect stool height is the same as the length of the lower leg.Then sitting on the legs resting on the floor.If growth is small, you can put a stand under your foot.
- The ideal depth of the seat is 2/3.You know less, but no more.
- Under the table, the legs must be spacious.
- Sit so that the back rests on the back of the chair.
- Do not tilt your head or body when you sitting - keep it straight.
- Use a pupiter in order to prevent your head when reading.
- After many hours of driving, do many high school exercises.
- Change the pose every 10-15 minutes, first leaning on one and then on the other leg.
- If you can move in place, do it.
- Perform a few tilts every hour with a raised hand.Take a deep breath under the inclination.This exercise relaxes the back and belt, as well as the back of the head and neck.
- If you work standing (ironing, cooking), put a bench under one leg.Height must match the height of the one section.
- In order not to bend down during home cleaning, extend the vacuum cleaner hose and create an additional tube.And use a mop to wash the floor.Wash the floor, climbing on your knees, but without getting out of your standing position.
- Sleep on a hard orthopedic mattress.
- Instead of the mattress, a thick solid shield (plywood) is appropriate, covered with foam tires, up to 8 cm thick.Place a wool blanket and a sheet on top.
- If your feet hurt, put a towel in a roller under the knees.
- If you like to sleep on your stomach, put a thin pillow.
- If you like to sleep on the side, put one leg on the other, your hand under your head.
- Divide the load evenly on both hands.Frequent wearing in the same hand leads to curvature of the spine.
- If you have already diagnosed osteochondrosis, do not wear items that are over 15 kg.For moving, it is better to use a bag with wheels or car.
- If you need to raise and carry a heavy element, first squat, hold your back straight.Then pick up the difficulty, rise on your feet and take it to your stomach.You also need to squat to reduce the heavy object.
- Eat 3-4 times a day.
- Enrich the diet with protein: fish, low fatty meat, legumes, curd.
- Limits the consumption of sweets, baking and fatty foods.
- Include additional vegetables and fruits into your diet.
- Consume products rich in calcium and phosphorus (cheese, dairy products, fish).
- Do not exceed - the excessive degree of calorie is placed in the form of fats, which leads to overweight.